ICD-10-CM Codes
V00-Y99
X30-X39
X31-
2023 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code X31

2023 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code X31

Exposure to excessive natural cold

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

Non-Billable/Non-Specific Code

X31 should not be used for reimbursement purposes as there are multiple codes below it that contain a greater level of detail.
The 2023 edition of ICD-10-CM X31 became effective on October 1, 2022.
This is the American ICD-10-CM version of X31 - other international versions of ICD-10 X31 may differ.

ICD-10-CM Coding Rules

X31 describes the circumstance causing an injury, not the nature of the injury.

Applicable To

Excessive cold as the cause of chilblains NOS
Excessive cold as the cause of immersion foot or hand
Exposure to cold NOS
Exposure to weather conditions

Type 1 Excludes

Type 1 Excludes Help

A type 1 excludes note is a pure excludes. It means "not coded here". A type 1 excludes note indicates that the code excluded should never be used at the same time as X31. A type 1 excludes note is for used for when two conditions cannot occur together, such as a congenital form versus an acquired form of the same condition.

cold of man-made origin (
ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code W93
- W93 Exposure to excessive cold of man-made origin...
  - W93.0 Contact with or inhalation of dry ice
    - W93.01 Contact with dry ice
      W93.01XA …… initial encounter
      W93.01XD …… subsequent encounter
      W93.01XS …… sequela
    - W93.02 Inhalation of dry ice
      W93.02XA …… initial encounter
      W93.02XD …… subsequent encounter
      W93.02XS …… sequela
  - W93.1 Contact with or inhalation of liquid air
    - W93.11 Contact with liquid air
      W93.11XA …… initial encounter
      W93.11XD Contact with liquid air, subsequent encounter...
      W93.11XS …… sequela
    - W93.12 Inhalation of liquid air
      W93.12XA …… initial encounter
      W93.12XD Inhalation of liquid air, subsequent encounte...
      W93.12XS …… sequela
  - W93.2 Prolonged exposure in deep freeze unit or ref...
    - W93.2XXA Prolonged exposure in deep freeze unit or ref...
    - W93.2XXD Prolonged exposure in deep freeze unit or ref...
    - W93.2XXS Prolonged exposure in deep freeze unit or ref...
  - W93.8 Exposure to other excessive cold of man-made ...
    - W93.8XXA Exposure to other excessive cold of man-made ...
    - W93.8XXD Exposure to other excessive cold of man-made ...
    - W93.8XXS Exposure to other excessive cold of man-made ...
W93.-
)
contact with or inhalation of dry ice (
ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code W93
- W93 Exposure to excessive cold of man-made origin...
  - W93.0 Contact with or inhalation of dry ice
    - W93.01 Contact with dry ice
      W93.01XA …… initial encounter
      W93.01XD …… subsequent encounter
      W93.01XS …… sequela
    - W93.02 Inhalation of dry ice
      W93.02XA …… initial encounter
      W93.02XD …… subsequent encounter
      W93.02XS …… sequela
  - W93.1 Contact with or inhalation of liquid air
    - W93.11 Contact with liquid air
      W93.11XA …… initial encounter
      W93.11XD Contact with liquid air, subsequent encounter...
      W93.11XS …… sequela
    - W93.12 Inhalation of liquid air
      W93.12XA …… initial encounter
      W93.12XD Inhalation of liquid air, subsequent encounte...
      W93.12XS …… sequela
  - W93.2 Prolonged exposure in deep freeze unit or ref...
    - W93.2XXA Prolonged exposure in deep freeze unit or ref...
    - W93.2XXD Prolonged exposure in deep freeze unit or ref...
    - W93.2XXS Prolonged exposure in deep freeze unit or ref...
  - W93.8 Exposure to other excessive cold of man-made ...
    - W93.8XXA Exposure to other excessive cold of man-made ...
    - W93.8XXD Exposure to other excessive cold of man-made ...
    - W93.8XXS Exposure to other excessive cold of man-made ...
W93.-
)
contact with or inhalation of liquefied gas (
ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code W93
- W93 Exposure to excessive cold of man-made origin...
  - W93.0 Contact with or inhalation of dry ice
    - W93.01 Contact with dry ice
      W93.01XA …… initial encounter
      W93.01XD …… subsequent encounter
      W93.01XS …… sequela
    - W93.02 Inhalation of dry ice
      W93.02XA …… initial encounter
      W93.02XD …… subsequent encounter
      W93.02XS …… sequela
  - W93.1 Contact with or inhalation of liquid air
    - W93.11 Contact with liquid air
      W93.11XA …… initial encounter
      W93.11XD Contact with liquid air, subsequent encounter...
      W93.11XS …… sequela
    - W93.12 Inhalation of liquid air
      W93.12XA …… initial encounter
      W93.12XD Inhalation of liquid air, subsequent encounte...
      W93.12XS …… sequela
  - W93.2 Prolonged exposure in deep freeze unit or ref...
    - W93.2XXA Prolonged exposure in deep freeze unit or ref...
    - W93.2XXD Prolonged exposure in deep freeze unit or ref...
    - W93.2XXS Prolonged exposure in deep freeze unit or ref...
  - W93.8 Exposure to other excessive cold of man-made ...
    - W93.8XXA Exposure to other excessive cold of man-made ...
    - W93.8XXD Exposure to other excessive cold of man-made ...
    - W93.8XXS Exposure to other excessive cold of man-made ...
W93.-
)

The following code(s) above X31 contain annotation back-references

Annotation Back-References

In this context, annotation back-references refer to codes that contain:

Applicable To annotations, or
Code Also annotations, or
Code First annotations, or
Excludes1 annotations, or
Excludes2 annotations, or
Includes annotations, or
Note annotations, or
Use Additional annotations

that may be applicable to X31:

V00-Y99
2023 ICD-10-CM Range V00-Y99
External causes of morbidity
Note
- This chapter permits the classification of environmental events and circumstances as the cause of injury, and other adverse effects. Where a code from this section is applicable, it is intended that it shall be used secondary to a code from another chapter of the Classification indicating the nature of the condition. Most often, the condition will be classifiable to Chapter 19, Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes (S00-T88). Other conditions that may be stated to be due to external causes are classified in Chapters I to XVIII. For these conditions, codes from Chapter 20 should be used to provide additional information as to the cause of the condition.
External causes of morbidity

Code History

2016 (effective 10/1/2015): New code (first year of non-draft ICD-10-CM)
2017 (effective 10/1/2016): No change
2018 (effective 10/1/2017): No change
2019 (effective 10/1/2018): No change
2020 (effective 10/1/2019): No change
2021 (effective 10/1/2020): No change
2022 (effective 10/1/2021): No change
2023 (effective 10/1/2022): No change

Code annotations containing back-references to X31:

Use Additional: T68
, T69

ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code T68
Hypothermia
Applicable To
- Accidental hypothermia
- Hypothermia NOS
Type 1 Excludes
- hypothermia following anesthesia (T88.51)
- hypothermia not associated with low environmental temperature (R68.0)
- hypothermia of newborn (P80.-)
Type 2 Excludes
- frostbite (T33-T34)
Use Additional
- code to identify source of exposure:
- Exposure to excessive cold of man-made origin (W93)
- Exposure to excessive cold of natural origin (X31)
ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code T69
Other effects of reduced temperature
Type 2 Excludes
- frostbite (T33-T34)
Use Additional
- code to identify source of exposure:
- Exposure to excessive cold of man-made origin (W93)
- Exposure to excessive cold of natural origin (X31)

External Cause Index entries containing back-references to X31:

Exposure (to) X58
ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code X58
Exposure to other specified factors
Applicable To
Accident NOS
Exposure NOS
- cold (accidental) (excessive) (extreme) (natural) (place) X31
  - due to
    - weather X31 (conditions)
Forces of nature X39.8
ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code X39.8
Other exposure to forces of nature
- cold X31 (natural)
Frostbite X31
Immersion (accidental) - see also Drowning
- hand or foot due to cold X31 (excessive)
Overexposure (accidental) (to)
- cold X31 - see also Exposure, cold

ICD-10-CM Codes Adjacent To X31

X18.XXXD Contact with other hot metals, subsequent encounter

X18.XXXS Contact with other hot metals, sequela

X19 Contact with other heat and hot substances

X19.XXXA Contact with other heat and hot substances, initial encounter

X19.XXXD Contact with other heat and hot substances, subsequent encounter

X19.XXXS Contact with other heat and hot substances, sequela

X30 Exposure to excessive natural heat

X30.XXXA Exposure to excessive natural heat, initial encounter

X30.XXXD Exposure to excessive natural heat, subsequent encounter

X30.XXXS Exposure to excessive natural heat, sequela

X31 Exposure to excessive natural cold

X31.XXXA Exposure to excessive natural cold, initial encounter

X31.XXXD Exposure to excessive natural cold, subsequent encounter

X31.XXXS Exposure to excessive natural cold, sequela

X32 Exposure to sunlight

X32.XXXA Exposure to sunlight, initial encounter

X32.XXXD Exposure to sunlight, subsequent encounter

X32.XXXS Exposure to sunlight, sequela

X34 Earthquake

X34.XXXA Earthquake, initial encounter

X34.XXXD Earthquake, subsequent encounter

Reimbursement claims with a date of service on or after October 1, 2015 require the use of ICD-10-CM codes.

2023 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code X31

Exposure to excessive natural cold

External causes of morbidity

Hypothermia

Other effects of reduced temperature

Exposure to other specified factors

Other exposure to forces of nature